Future of Food: Journal on Food

Antioxidant activity of a mixture of water-soluble tempeh extract with whey powder that has undergone a Maillard reaction

Azis Boing Sitanggang
Department of Food Science and Technology, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
Nisrina Zulfa Firdausi
Department of Food Science and Technology, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
Slamet Budijanto
Department of Food Science and Technology, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

High amino acid content in tempeh and lactose in whey powder can be combined to perform Maillard reaction. So, it can be used to produce functional food products. This is caused by the formation of Amadori and melanoidin as water-soluble compounds which are reported to have high antioxidant capacity and produce a preferred flavor. The general objective of the study was to obtain an optimum process condition in a mixture of water soluble tempeh extract and whey powder with the highest antioxidant capacity (100 mL). The research method was carried out in three  stages, namely (i) optimation condition of the Maillard reaction between water soluble tempeh extract and whey powder (concentration of whey powder and pH reaction) (ii) optimation of temperature and time for reaction, and also study kinetics of Maillard reactions that occur based on changes in antioxidant capacity, (iii) analysis an optimal mixture of water soluble tempeh extract and whey powder that has undergone a Maillard reaction. The analysis of  the antioxidant activity was carried out using DPPH method, browning intensity, and color analysis using chromameter. The results of the analysis of antioxidant activity showed that the mixture ratio of  water-soluble tempeh extract with whey powder 5 % b/v (100 mL), reacted at 100 °C and pH 5 for 90 minutes can increase the antioxidant activity of the mixture from  67,91 ± 2,62 % to 89,89 ± 0,17 %. That concludes as the optimum condition for Maillard reaction between water-soluble tempeh extract and whey powder.

Keywords : Antioxidant activity ,Maillard reaction ,Water-soluble tempeh extract ,Whey powder ,The Ministry of Research and Technology /National Agency for Research and Innovation, the Republic of Indonesia for supporting this research through the schemes of Penelitian Dasar Unggulan Perguruan Tinggi (PDUPT) 2020. .

Myanmar High School Students’ Perceptions of College and International Readiness in Western Society

Mark Speckien
Louisiana Tech University
Mark Speckien
Louisiana Tech University
International students are more likely to experience mental health issues and increased stress. Mental health is often surrounded by negative societal stigmas that act as barriers to seeking support and tend to lead to greater mental health concerns. International students tend to seek socioemotional support from other international student peers rather than seeking out counseling services. However, this study shows that LGBTQIA+ international students were less likely to seek socioemotional support from other international student peers due to fear of their sexual orientation being discovered and their families finding out about their identity. This study examines how LGBTQIA+ international students talk about their experiences on and off campus in relations to their socioemotional well-being. Specifically, this study sought to better understand the complexities of LGBTQIA+ students’ identities, and the challenges they faced in terms of their socioemotional well-being. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.
Keywords : international students, socioemotional well-being, mental health, identity development, intersectionality, LGBTQIA